Sequencing FMDV genomes enables the understanding of the source and spread of viral lineages and detection of the emergence of new threats
FMDV is the prototypical member of the Aphthovirus genus, in the family Picornaviridae, a small nonenveloped virus with a pseudo T=3 icosahedral capsid of 25-30 nm in size.
Inside the capsid is a 8.4-kilobase, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome (making FMDV a Group IV virus in the Baltimore classification) that is covalently bound at its 5′ end to the small viral protein 3B and is polyadenylated at its 3′ end. Upon virus entry into a cell, the viral genome is translated into a polyprotein which is co- and post-translationally cleaved by viral proteinases into 12 mature proteins.
The FMDV genome organisation is similar to that of other picornaviruses, including a large single open reading frame (ORF) flanked by highly structured 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR), containing an Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) essential for the translation of the ORF, and a shorter 3' untranslated region (3′ UTR).
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explore the spread and evolution of FMDV populations [UNDER DEV]
